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Classical Yiklamu Tutorial:
Definite Nouns, Singular and Plural |
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Home : Conlangs : Yiklamu : Classical : Tutorial : Lesson 1
Models
| sutubuk |
'the brother' |
sutubak |
'the brothers' |
sutub |
'the brother(s)' |
| jupaduk |
'the sister' |
jupadak |
'the sisters' |
jupad |
'the sister(s)' |
| cipliku |
'the pen' |
ciplika |
'the pens' |
cipli |
'the pen(s)' |
| tabyoku |
'the pencil' |
tabyoka |
'the pencils' |
tabyo |
'the pencil(s)' |
| sutubuk da jupaduk |
'the brother and the sister' |
| cipliku da tabyoka |
'the pen and the pencils |
| jupad da sutub |
'the sister(s) and the brother(s)' |
Grammar
Definiteness. A noun which has not been marked otherwise (as
discussed in later lessons) is definite. This means that the identity
of a noun's intended referent is understood from context.
Number. Definite nouns can be marked for singular (with
the suffix -ku or -uk) or plural (with the suffix
-ka or -ak). When a noun is not so marked, its number is
either understood from context or irrelevant. Each suffix has a consonant-vowel
(CV) form and a vowel-consonant (VC) form. The CV form
is used when the stem ends in a vowel (e.g. cipli-ku, tabyo-ka).
The VC form is used when the stem ends in a consonant (e.g. jupad-uk,
sutub-ak).
Vocabulary
- cipli 'pen (writing instrument; ink flows out the tip)'
- fube 'door (swinging or sliding closure)'
- jupad 'sister (female person who has the same parents as another
person)'
- osuv 'book (bound copy of a written work)'
- sutub 'brother (male person who has the same parents as another
person)'
- tabyo 'pencil (writing instrument; marking substance encased
in wood)'
- ujdi 'table (kind of furniture)'
- wuyeg 'window (in the wall of a building)'
- yawev 'school (building where children are educated)'
- yowij 'chair (a seat with a back, for one person)'
Exercises (Java Applets)